Hepatitis 

What is Hepatitis?

Hepatitis is a medical condition due to inflammation of the liver. It mostly presents without any symptoms, rarely it presents with jaundice, fever, chills, pain and lethargy. It may be self-limited or progress to chronic disease with scarring that may lead to fibrosis or cirrhosis.

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What causes Hepatitis?

The most common cause of hepatitis are viruses. Hepatitis A, B and D are preventable with immunization, hepatitis C is the 2nd most common cause of liver cirrhosis in the world (2nd only to alcoholic hepatitis). Other very common causes are heavy alcohol use, fatty liver and medications. In the United States, NASH affects about 11 million people and alcoholic hepatitis affects about 5 million people. Hepatitis results in more than a million deaths a year, most of which occur indirectly from liver scarring or liver cancer.

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What are the symptoms of Hepatitis?

Many people with hepatitis do not experience symptoms, especially in the early stages. When symptoms occur, they may include fatigue, fever, nausea, loss of appetite, abdominal pain, dark urine, pale stools, jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes), and unexplained weight loss.

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How Is Hepatitis diagnosed?

Hepatitis is typically diagnosed through blood tests that evaluate liver function and identify viral infections. Additional testing may include imaging studies such as ultrasound or, in some cases, a liver biopsy to determine the extent of liver damage.

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Who Is At Risk for Hepatitis?

Risk factors for hepatitis depend on the type of hepatitis. Common risk factors include exposure to infected blood or bodily fluids, unprotected sexual contact, intravenous drug use, excessive alcohol consumption, certain medications, and underlying liver disease.

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When Should I See a Gastroenterologist for Hepatitis?

You should see a gastroenterologist if you have abnormal liver tests, symptoms of hepatitis, jaundice, persistent abdominal pain, or risk factors for liver disease. Early diagnosis and treatment can help prevent complications such as cirrhosis, liver failure, and liver cancer.

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​How is Hepatitis treated?

Treatment for hepatitis depends on the type and severity of the disease. Some forms of hepatitis may resolve on their own, while others require medications, lifestyle modifications, or ongoing monitoring. Early treatment can help reduce liver damage and prevent long-term complications. Hepatitis A, B and D are preventable with immunization, hepatitis C is the 2nd most common cause of liver cirrhosis in the world (2nd only to alcoholic hepatitis). 

 

If you have hepatitis, abnormal liver tests, or symptoms of liver disease, schedule an appointment with Dr. David Tenembaum or Dr. Aviles for evaluation and treatment.